Have you heard of penis lie detectors?

The body is the most uncontrollable child, and a serious lie detector is to measure and record the physiological responses caused by the sympathetic nerves such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration and skin conduction response, to test whether the subject is full of mouth. Running the train is still with your heart.

In the development process of any technology tree, it is inevitable that some strange branches will emerge, and the field of polygraph detection is no exception. In the 1950s, it extended to the human lower body, and there appeared a device that detects the polygraph by changing the size of the penis.

In police stations and forensic labs around the world, male sex offenders are being tested, commonly known as "penis lie detectors." After their penis is measured, a device is attached to their penis to measure who or what they are sexually attracted to.

Florida forensic psychologist Joseph Plaud has been conducting the test for three decades with a device called a penile plethysmograph (PPG), which monitors the amount of blood in a man's erection as a result of certain visual and auditory stimuli. , as a measure of his sexual arousal.

The men's penis was fitted with a gauge filled with mercury that resembled a rubber band. When they received different types of visual and sound stimulation, such as nudity of different ages, the gauge would expand if the penis was congested. The increase in value can be seen on the monitor.

PPG is also often mentioned in pop culture. In 2007, Poison frontman Bret Michaels used it on the romance reality show "Rock of Love", and which female contestant made him more bloody will win. the right to date him.

In the 2009 documentary "A Place for Paedophiles", local hospitals in California also used PPG to monitor paedophiles.

Today, PPG is primarily used to monitor the sexual preferences of sex offenders, especially pedophiles, while in the past it has also been used in homophobia therapy and even in young men who are expected to join the military to determine their sexual orientation.

It is precisely because it can act as a Gayda that the penis lie detector appears.

In the early 1950s, Kurt Freund, a Czechoslovak-Canadian physician and sexologist, used aversion therapy to treat male homosexual tendencies.

Aversion therapy is a type of psychotherapy, similar to the plot of A Clockwork Orange, which involves shocking the patient or feeding an emetic in the presence of homosexual stimuli; Negative feedback.

In 1957, Kurt Freund was commissioned by the Communist government of Czechoslovakia to invent a device for measuring changes in penis volume that could identify anyone who tried to evade military service by pretending to be gay, without being sexually aroused by male pornographic photos. will be drafted into the army.

By 1957, however, Freud had concluded that his earlier experiments had failed. He finally understood that men couldn't change their sexuality, and began advocating for the legalization of homosexuality, which was achieved in Czechoslovakia in 1961.

When Kurt Freund was no longer "treating" homosexuality, he focused his research on PPGs on the detection and diagnosis of sex offenders.

Michael Seto, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Ottawa and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Sexual Abuse and a former colleague of Kurt Freund, said: "Plethysmography can provide an objective measure of childhood sexual arousal, which can be useful for both risk assessment and treatment planning. Multiple studies have shown that PPG is an important predictor of recidivism in sexually assaulted men."

Controversy and skepticism surrounding the lie detector continued, and so did PPG.

Obviously, the subjects can control their erections by distraction or other means. Although they cannot do the cruelty of directly breaking off and preventing erections like some Iranian men during the test, it is estimated that they will recite the Great Compassion Mantra silently. Operations like this are also quite effective.

And there are doubts about whether the test results can be used as evidence. Take pedophilia as an example. It is not illegal to be pedophile. What is illegal is that you actually take action. Even if the results of the test are 100% accurate, you cannot condemn someone for that.

As journalist Michael Castleman puts it, “In fantasy, everything is allowed and nothing is wrong. As sexual openness increases, people are more willing to daydream and imagine they never really want to experienced sex scenes".

So penile polygraph results are primarily used as part of the sentencing and rehabilitation phase of the forensic system, but not to determine whether a particular defendant has committed any particular crime against any particular person.

The biggest ethical issue, however, is the use of real pornography in the testing process. In the past, PPG testing for pedophiles has used real children (with parental consent, of course), which will undoubtedly lead to questions about compliance A discussion of public order and good morals.

Possession or distribution of obscene material for legitimate medical or research purposes is permitted in some countries, but this is not the case in every country, and many states in the United States do not, so want to target specific needs (such as PPG assessors who customize test materials may be at risk of criminal prosecution.

"So almost all PPG stimuli today are computer-generated avatars, not real people," added Michael Seto.

Even though penile polygraph technology remains controversial over its reliability, accuracy and morality, the technology is neutral and can be used or abused, depending on who is using it.