The right and wrong of the issue of sexual assault (and discuss the pros and cons of the me too movement)

The recent case of "A female employee of Ali accused of being sexually assaulted by a colleague", which has attracted widespread attention in the society, has come to an end. Some media revealed that the woman involved lied and exaggerated the facts in her complaint. This again caused a heated debate, and the criticism of the woman's alleged blackmail, revenge, and frame-up continued. On September 8, another case occurred. A female passenger stabbed the taxi driver, and the news comment area immediately appeared in the news comment area, such as "this woman is delusional and neurotic", and said by default, " There will be boxers (feminists) who say that it is women who are sexually assaulted by male drivers to hurt people,” implying that this accusation is false. Then, on September 14, Xianzi v. Zhu Jun sexual harassment case was sentenced at first instance, and Xianzi lost the case due to insufficient evidence. As a result, Internet public opinion outside the feminist circle accused Xianzi of "slandering", ridiculed Xianzi and his supporters in every possible way, and hoped that Zhu Jun would counter-sued and even the public security would intervene to make Xianzi pay the price.

Such public controversy and stigmatization of suspected victims are not isolated cases, but very common phenomena. This phenomenon is not only in the online public opinion of hot news, but also widely exists in various incidents involving the relationship between men and women, and the suspicion of sexual harassment / sexual assault. As long as a woman accuses of being sexually harassed, sexually assaulted, and especially accused of being assaulted by an acquaintance, unless the evidence is very conclusive and the facts are completely clear, there will generally be a lot of public opinion accusing the woman in question, with specific words such as "I'm upset, so I falsely accuse others", "In order to corrupt money", "Having delusional disorder/delusional disorder/mental disorder, is fantasizing", "There is a contradiction, so false accusation and revenge", etc., from slut shaming specifically aimed at women, to including derogation of the character of accusers of any gender Killing is everything. Of course, these remarks are also commonly used by suspects who deny sexual harassment. In some widely reported sexual assault controversies such as Michael Jackson's child abuse case, Zhu Jun's sexual harassment Xianzi case, Liu Qiangdong's sexual assault case, Ito Shiori case, etc., you can fully see this kind of victim or suspected victim. personal attacks and personal insults.

In the case of sexual harassment allegations, there is indeed a possibility (and the possibility is not low, even common) that these motives and reasons cause the allegations to be false and the men concerned are wronged. On the one hand, there will be many people who will defend the suspect, but there will also be a lot of people (especially on the Internet) who will strongly condemn the suspect, sympathize with the suspected victim, and make a conclusion when the facts are not clear, and even accuse the suspect. People and even their family members conduct human flesh searches and cyber violence. The reputation of a person who is framed as a sexual offender can take a heavy toll, and even their entire life will be destroyed. But at the same time, there are also a large number of accusations that are true, and the victims are severely traumatized physically and mentally, and even become mentally ill and unable to live. In addition, there are more women who choose to swallow their voices after being sexually assaulted, including rape and gang rape, so that they are repeatedly assaulted, traumatized physically and mentally, and the blow to their lives is even heavier. An important reason why women who have been sexually assaulted choose to swallow their voices is precisely because they are worried about these public criticisms.

Sexual assault is a very special type of assault, and it is extremely difficult to obtain objective evidence. The place or environment is highly secretive, it is not easy to leave evidence during the assault, and even if semen is preserved, the involuntary nature of the assault cannot be clearly identified. confirmed. Except for very few cases where the chain of evidence is very complete, especially in the case of video surveillance or witnesses who dare to testify, in most cases, it is impossible to distinguish right from wrong through objective evidence, but to rely on the comparative analysis of the two sides’ confessions, which is very subjective and relies heavily on Free heart certificate. Even if there is an act similar to sexual assault, it is not so easy to judge whether it is involuntary or against the will of a woman. There is a huge ambiguity between coercion and voluntariness, and even in the traditional concept of sexuality, this ambiguity is considered to be a natural breakthrough for men to pursue women. In some cases, it really depends on what the two parties think subjectively rather than objectively. Furthermore, even if it is judged as non-consensual rape, the degree of harm to women in rape cases is very subjective. Different victims have different levels of psychological trauma under different circumstances, different environments and different values (and it is indeed very popular among women.) The subjective attitude of sexual assault influences, what some people call "you just don't care" is not completely unfounded. In the same situation, there may be some women who do not take it seriously, as common as drinking a glass of water and eating a meal (not in a derogatory sense, This is also an irreproachable reaction), or overcome it very strongly, and some will become insane or commit suicide), and the degree of victimization can only rely on the subjective statement of the person concerned, and there are various doubts about the authenticity of this statement (of course, at the same time). The authenticity of the defense of the suspected perpetrator is also questionable).

According to the actual situation, it is very common for the victim of any dispute to exaggerate the facts or even weave some lies in the truth. It is also common for the infringer to avoid the facts as much as possible and avoid the serious ones. The same is true for sexual assault cases, but the situation is more serious. Therefore, there are various difficulties in whether to convict and how to impose a sentence, which requires complex games and trade-offs. The harmful nature of sexual assault incidents is also very special. It has a major impact on the reputation, future and destiny of either party. The losing party may even ruin his life. This also leads to the fact that once the accusation begins, both parties will try their best to prove the fault of the other, whether in public opinion or in the police station or the court, and also try their best to excuse themselves, forming a life-and-death zero-sum game.

There is also a problem that is ignored or deliberately ignored, that is, sexual assault, especially non-rape sexual harassment, is a fairly common problem, more than almost any other kind of illegal crime. This is due to the inevitable phenomenon of human beings as a kind of animal and the existence of animal attributes (of course, the inevitable phenomenon is not necessarily reasonable and civilized, nor should it be allowed). The evolutionary history of human beings is full of sex and sexual violence, and involuntary sexual contact by one party is a very common phenomenon. When human beings evolved to civilization, they gradually began to restrain their sexuality, especially prohibiting sexual behaviors that were involuntary or that violated ethics and order. people) have the urge to challenge taboos, especially in the case of sex), which is rooted in human biological instincts. Since the development of human civilization, the concept of morality and the rule of law and the construction of institutions have made amazing progress, but they cannot effectively prevent the occurrence of sexual assault. Sexual assault is still a common and inevitable phenomenon. Even a person who looks very decent is not necessarily without filth in terms of sex (and such a person's crimes, including sexual assault, are more hidden and confusing, and it is not easy to be suspected, and it is difficult to let people know after being accused and reported. People believe it to be true (of course, this does not mean that people who seem to be decent, kind and upright are suspect, let alone treat such people with such a skeptical vision and attitude, and of course the possibility is still lower than those of poor quality. , just to say don't rule it out)), let alone ordinary people.

The universality and severity of sexual assault, the secrecy of sexual issues, the huge damage to one or both parties after being made public (even on a small scale), and the impact of this damage extending to society on social stability and order , making this issue a particularly sensitive issue in society. The world needs ethics and a stable order under various rules to function, and sexual assault is the most taboo and easy-to-break link in ethics and ethics. If every sexual assault case must be held accountable for breaking the law, the number of people involved, the wide range of social relationships involved, and the widespread human activities affected are so severe that human society cannot bear it. The fact that the law does not blame the public is a reality that has to be faced at all times, especially when serious crimes are involved.

And because of the publicity of sexual assault (especially if it accumulates to a certain scale), the impact on the whole social order (including small communities, schools, work units and other organizations, to regions, nations, countries and even human society) is far more severe than that of human society. It is far greater to choose to stay quiet or not to disclose in the first place, so all parties have a strong incentive to suppress (including victim self-repression) sex scandals in order to minimize the impact and damage (this is also true sex crime is far more There are many reasons for public, case-filing, and judgment). However, the punishment for sexual assault is often severe, and the indirect punishment of "social death (not a joke is real)" outside the direct punishment is often more severe (of course, mild sexual harassment is not). Because once it is exposed and confirmed, it must be severely punished in order to maintain social order. At this time, it is the sexual offender, not the victim, that needs to bear the price, and sometimes it may be a higher price than it should be. This in turn leads to a greater desire to conceal the facts and deny the behavior. All parties in the society, including the Public Procuratorate and Law, will consciously or unintentionally "cooperate" with sexual predators to deny the fact of rape and suppress the influence.

However, when the evidence is conclusive or the pressure of public opinion is too great (even if the evidence is not conclusive or even the important facts do not support the existence of sexual assault), the Public Procuratorate will in turn force the suspect to confess guilt or even impose a heavier penalty (such as the Li Tianyi incident). The price is to warn against sexual abuse, to calm public opinion to appease public sentiment, and to maintain the image of state organs cracking down on sexual crimes. And the society will completely abandon and isolate them, and they will no longer be able to work and go to school normally, and the stain will last a lifetime. At this time, the sexual offender was also a victim. The extra punishment was not because of his own guilt, but made him a scapegoat for other criminals who have not been caught and potential criminals. The unfortunate "chicken" of the sex problem is also the victim of the stigma of sexual problems (although most of the time it is well deserved).

In terms of system, law, culture, and interpersonal attitudes, on the one hand, they are "expressly" expressing intolerance to sexual assault, and on the other hand, they are all implying that the victim is patient, self-digested, and peaceful.

This also makes the handling of sexual assault, which should be based on right and wrong, become a game based on strength. Officials generally tend to favor the side that "has the upper hand." Of course, gaining power is not necessarily the one with the advantage of power, money, or connections (although in most cases it is), but includes the direction of public opinion, social perception, and the actions of those who have common interests/conflicts with one or even both parties in the sexual assault case. force) in a multi-party contest. This way of looking at the game to decide "right and wrong", if it is not one-sided or compromised by both parties, it may become more and more troublesome, and it is also possible to expose it on social media. This affects social stability again, so it is inevitable to delete posts and ban accounts, block hot searches, and drink tea. Democracies emphasize openness to clarify facts and reflect on issues, while autocratic countries implement closure to calm things down and maintain stability.

Chinese society can tolerate the "harmony" created by lies and bans, but it does not accept the turmoil that the truth may bring (even if only through these pains can society really get on the right track, rather than adapting to the wrong path). From the ruling of the Public Prosecution Law to the handling of various disputes in the daily life of the people, they are deliberately prompting people to lie and dishonest, while strongly preventing the behavior of uncovering scars and revealing the truth (including self-exposure) to safeguard the influence of various unspoken rules The filthy society under the "harmonious" operation. "Frankly be lenient, sit in prison; resist strictness, go home for the New Year", which is the best portrayal of this practice.

If you want to insist on emphasizing the truth and being open and transparent, you will be attacked by swarms to find your blemishes and knock you down. Even if your taint is smaller than others, small things can become big things. Other people's big things are safe and sound, your little things will capsize. If you expose your own bad deeds and sue other people for it, and try to overthrow the system and social structure and the entire interest group that benefits from it, you will be treated as a mental illness, or even sent to a mental hospital or other means kill. If there is no major taint (it is impossible for anyone to have a small taint), and if you hold an important position at the same time, you will not be free from persecution. On the contrary, even if you do nothing, you will be collectively targeted, isolated and alienated. Because you didn't accept the "name application", you have no reason to be arrested, so you have a moral advantage and threat to others, just like you have never committed a crime in the underworld or been an official without participating in corruption, accepting bribes and misappropriating public funds, other people must collectively Breaking you down (of course you are powerful or at least more powerful than the people around you, that's another story, then if you don't offend the fundamental interests of others, it is indeed possible to be a free-spirited faction to live in peace). This kind of villain's mechanism of expelling gentlemen is the reverse elimination mechanism. If the waist rod is rigidly broken or expelled, everyone will be comfortable and safe. The entire vested interest class with the elite group as the core is to build this kind of social relationship network linked by lies and smears to ensure mutual deterrence and solidarity within, and to ensure personal attachment and loyalty to the system from the bottom up. Maintain the existence of this injustice system.

Such a coercive orientation of persecuting people to do evil, lying, being patient, and obeying the dark order is the same in all kinds of things. Political issues, people's livelihood issues such as medical education, housing, and pensions, as well as criminal and civil disputes, are all based on such evil systems, laws, and values. , practical ways to build and maintain. The treatment and disposal of sexual assault is obviously no exception. Sacrificing vulnerable victims to appease powerful perpetrators is an inevitable choice. (Of course, I am not saying that all areas, all walks of life and strata in Chinese society are all lies all the time. In the small matters of the fundamental problem, people are mostly honest, kind, and tolerant, but the base is dark, the general orientation is negative, and the structural aspect is ugly)

As a result, sexual assault cases have become a layer of "window paper that cannot be pierced" by default in society. Although they are often pierced, they cannot be pierced most of the time. In dealing with sexual assault cases, the right and wrong is never the first priority. Maintaining social stability and order and ethics (even if it is only superficial) are the most important goals. .

And this kind of suppression and concealment, in most cases, is at the expense of the rights of female victims (in a few cases, at the expense of sexual predators, and excessive punishment is used to maintain order). Victimized women can only bear the price of victimization on behalf of the entire family, community, and even the country and nation, and stop the transmission of hatred and harm on themselves and stop it (of course, it does not necessarily end, otherwise all kinds of cruelty and cruelty to the elderly, children, and animals. How did women come to be), relieve pain through self-comfort and forgetting, and maintain social stability and normal operation by self-digesting pain and forbearance of shame (this is similar to domestic violence, school violence, abuse of the elderly, disabled, mentally ill, and even abuse). Animals, etc. are very similar. The roles of women, vulnerable groups and even small animals in various societies are passive bearers, tools for the powerful and powerful to vent their desires, and necessary to maintain the existence and stability of an unequal society. Tolerance. Of course, in authoritarian and barbaric countries this level will be stronger). Suppressing and concealing sexual assault can also lead to the encouragement and recklessness of committed and potential sexual assaulters. Some of the sexual assault cases exposed today, such as Weinstein, Niu Chengze and others, are multiple sexual assaults on multiple people, and the impunity in the past obviously encouraged subsequent crimes.

Of course, concealing the fact of sexual assault and not expanding it also has a protective effect on the victimized women to a certain extent. Because one of the harms of sexual assault is the impact on women's reputation and dignity, and the destruction of their social relations and social situation. If it is not disclosed, then these damages will become smaller or even close to disappearing. If the issues of fairness and justice are not considered, if the influence is not expanded but the compensation is made privately, and "this is the end", it is indeed the "optimal solution" to a certain extent. But on the other hand, this kind of calmness or forbearance will also make women more aggrieved, resulting in more trauma to the victim's repressed body and mind, and may encounter shameless re-infringement and repeated abuse. This kind of concealment and suppression also violates various moral, legal, and institutional principles disclosed in the operation of society, such as integrity, courage, fairness, openness and transparency, violating the law must be punished, anti-violence, anti-bullying, and anti-gender oppression. Acknowledging the need to suppress and conceal sexual assaults is tantamount to denying many widely recognized universal morals and rules, yielding to sin and even implying and condoning crime, showing an attitude of suppressing rights protection, and making sexual predators want to make them unscrupulous, Recognizing the rationality and inevitability of crime also impacts social order and social civilization.

Therefore, dealing with the issue of sexual assault becomes a dilemma. Human society is faced with many dilemmas, and the issue of sexual assault should be the more dilemma among the dilemmas.

Different historical periods and different countries and regions in the same period have different approaches to this dilemma. In ancient times, victims of sexual assault were generally subjected to great stigma and often needed to commit suicide or be killed by their relatives to take their full names. Although some books representing traditional morality such as "Spring and Autumn" have sympathy for "disobedient" women, the mainstream values are still ashamed of them, and they still discriminate and exclude women who are forced to lose their chastity. After the prosperity of the Song Dynasty, the concept of "starvation is small, disobedience is big" has become more and more popular. Even if they don't die, they will definitely be excluded from mainstream society and will no longer be able to participate in the normal production and life of the community, nation, and country. This is not just a Chinese patent, but a common phenomenon of different civilizations in the world. The ancient West was not inferior to China in this regard. The specific details are different, but the essence is the same.

But in modern times, at least as far as China is concerned, the public and official systems, laws, and mainstream morality advocated, there is no accusation against the victimized women, and even full of sympathy and support for the victim, but The underlying discrimination and stigma rooted in the society is still very common and serious, and the accusations and insults of the victims have never stopped. Although the government ostensibly supports sympathy for the victimized women, it actually suppresses women's rights protection for various reasons, and adopts the method of suppressing the victim rather than punishing the perpetrator to deal with the issue of sexual assault. Although they will punish some sexual assaults from strangers, they rarely deal with sexual assaults by acquaintances and sexual assaults between people with specific social relationships. The compression is within a very small range (to put it bluntly, most of the time, the victim is left alone), and everyone tacitly follows a certain dynamic balance. If someone tries to break this tacit understanding, they will face all kinds of accusations, discrimination, obstacles, and be isolated by all kinds of malicious and innocent discrimination. If you insist on suing and petitioning for several months or even years, you will experience all kinds of mental disorders in the process that are enough to torture people without strong will and ability, and be kicked out of the society where ordinary people/normal people live. This price is enough to protect human rights Those who stay away.

Public is difficult, so private is prevalent. What is privately fought is the soft and hard power of the two sides, such as power, relationship, financial resources, as well as the number of means, the degree of insidiousness, etc., and the more you can perform, the more you can lie, the more shameless the party is, the more likely it is to win. Winning or losing has nothing to do with right and wrong. What is decisive is the balance of power between the two sides. Also, in most cases, a male is required to be a female first, including boyfriends/male friends, male family members/relatives, male classmates, male colleagues, etc. This does sometimes solve the problem, but it often ends with one or both of them crippled or disabled or dead. Relying on men to solve the problem of women being sexually assaulted actually means tacitly acquiescing to the rules of a male-dominated society, relying on men to defend women's rights, rather than women's independent rights protection. Naturally, this kind of privatization cannot have a positive impact on the public level like resorting to public opinion and the law. Instead, it creates a bad example of violence and the law of the jungle, and women must rely on men to protect their rights. The authority and normative significance of the rule of law and public order and good customs will also be thus weakened.

And most countries in the world do the same. Only a few developed countries are not like this, but have tried new ways, which tend to encourage victims to speak up, report, actively defend their rights, and actively punish perpetrators. The most typical example is the "me too" movement. The "me too" movement has brought down a large number of famous people suspected of sexual assault, including sexual harassment. However, the deep-rooted sexual assault and the related culture and unspoken rules formed have not been completely changed, and various bottlenecks have been encountered, showing that there is still a long way to go to protect women's rights and prevent sexual assault (if there is an effective solution in the future) plan).

But this does not mean that the more intense the anti-sexual assault movement, the better, and the stricter the anti-sexual assault system and laws, the better. As mentioned earlier, the issue of sexual assault involves complex social operations and social order. Traditionally, there are objective reasons for suppressing the exposure and punishment of sexual assault issues. The "me too" movement and a series of campaigns, systems, and laws aimed at anti-sexual assault in the West have indeed led to some unexpected consequences for opponents, such as men being framed and used to fight politics. opponents and enemies in life or in life (including women's "selective reporting" based on their own likes and dislikes and various profit motives, which is indeed unfair to those who are reported as sexual predators, because there are many more who are not reported, and "Selective law enforcement" has the same effect), the related increase in incarceration rate has led to a large increase in the number of criminals, many people have been "socially killed" because of some minor sexual assault or misconduct, and their future has been ruined, which has stimulated more males. It has also intensified the opposition between men and women, and all this has also had a serious impact on national construction, social development and various daily work and life.

Just like the frequent occurrence of sexual assault incidents in the US military, it has not established a once-for-all anti-sexual assault system that is completely inclined to women. Instead, there have been reforms and counter-reforms. It is because the excessive anti-sexual assault mechanism has affected the military. Some reform measures have had an impact on military discipline and military relations, affecting the completion of military tasks, including the realization of combat objectives, and further affecting the domestic and foreign affairs of the United States and even national security. While these influences will certainly be exploited by sexual predators to block anti-sexual assault reforms, they are also objective facts that cannot be ignored or avoided. The world does not only have issues of sexual abuse and feminism. The harm of sexual abuse is very serious, but there are many things that are more important for rational thinking, and it is impossible to make excessive sacrifices for certain aspects of certain things. Moreover, everything is interconnected and interacting with each other. Excessive "me too" has a serious impact on all aspects of the country and society, and will eventually cause harm to women's rights. Inevitably, the relationship between the sexes was also damaged. The French star Deneuve criticized "me too" for overcorrecting, making men's normal praise and pursuit of women also regarded as sexual harassment, destroying the normal relationship between men and women. If a woman abuses "me too" to retaliate against those who are in conflict with herself, it will not only hurt the framed person, but also cause a "wolf effect". Excessive accusations will make people numb and their influence will gradually fade away, and people will no longer have enthusiasm to go. attention, the real victims are thus ignored. There is also the situation in the movie "Hunting", which also proves that the false accusations of the weak can sometimes have serious destructive power due to their great confusion, and bring the relatively strong party to ruin.

Also, movements such as "me too" often cause more damage to those who still have integrity, have integrity, want to save face, are willing to take responsibility and have a sense of repentance, while those who have no integrity and bottom line and don't care about the accused Those who refuse to admit it, bite back and attack and retaliate against the victim often go unpunished. New York Mayor Cuomo and Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon, who have achieved outstanding political achievements and have good personalities, were dismissed because of minor sexual harassment. tortured). Moreover, the sexual harassment of these people is not necessarily low morality, but it just fails to adapt to the partially changed legal and moral requirements. Of course, they did not restrain their desires, but they did not deliberately hurt women, nor did they bite or persecute women after the incident, but took responsibility. Although Trump's appointed Justice Kavanaugh has various bad deeds such as sexually assaulting many people, he refused to admit it in the face of a lot of evidence, and his words and deeds were of poor quality in the past, but he was still successfully elected as a justice (making various unfavorable actions). The judgment of the disadvantaged), they are probably not so guilty and psychologically tortured. Not to mention China, which is more full of lies, social Darling and patriarchy. Most sexual predators will not have any psychological impact on them unless they hit their actual interests.

Moreover, the environment in which sexual assault allegations can be exposed is often the one with freedom and rights, or even a high level of freedom and rights protection, and those in the hardest-hit areas of sexual assault, where the degree of assault is more serious and worse, "me too" simply cannot Women do not even have the corresponding courage or even awareness, and they do not even have the idea to report to the public. Even if they dare to do so, they will be completely killed, including physical death. China's "me too" occurred in the media circles, public circles, and some colleges and universities. In fact, China's sexual abuse is relatively the least, and women's rights are respected and guaranteed the best. In places where sexual abuse is more serious, such as special institutions that host vulnerable groups, almost no one is involved in the accusation, at least no one has publicly come forward with real-name accusations. Even in Hong Kong, where there is a certain rule of law and freedom, the "me too" movement has no voice. The showbiz is full of horses, and Lan Jieying, who mustered the courage to speak out, has died tragically due to depression. Those who fall in the "me too" movement often have remnants of conscience, or their environment and subculture are friendly enough for women to make accusations, while those who are insidious and cunning, without conscience and guilt, are not afraid The accusations are very lively, and the harsh environment in which the system and subculture completely suppress and conquer the victimized women will not be changed by movements such as "me too".

"When the water is clear, there will be no fish, and if people are careful, there will be no disciples." Although this way of thinking will be used to hide dirt, it does reflect a helpless reality. Human beings have always been dirty. For the existence and stable operation of human society, sometimes we have to tolerate a lot of ugliness, otherwise there will be no end to the retribution of grievances and grievances, and in the retribution of grievances, on the whole, the weak must pay the greater price (in normal order, there is also moderation and restraint). , once a conflict occurs, the resistance of the weak will lead to hatred and revenge of the strong, and the strong can of course spare no effort to hurt the weak under disorder. Order is often both oppression and protection for the weak). And movements, laws, and actions for just purposes do not necessarily lead to a better future, or even worse consequences. Of course, I also know that the bad guys have this mentality, they are unscrupulous, and they use it to deter people from making changes. But this is also objective reality. Some things affect the whole body. If short-term partial justice is achieved, it may lead to greater disasters and more injustices. From ordinary life disputes, judicial enforcement, to the grievances and hatreds between countries and ethnic groups, this is the case. The so-called "the kingdom of heaven cannot be built on earth" is the same when it comes to anti-sexual assault. As mentioned earlier, there are many things in this world, it is impossible to make way and sacrifice for someone or something, and you cannot "splash the dirty water with the child". Sexual abuse of women is a big problem, and some people even become mentally ill, maimed, committed suicide, and killed because of it, but there are more atrocities with worse behaviors and tragic results in the world. There is not only one person, one type of person, suffering in this world. Anti-sexual assault and feminist movements need to be in harmony with the general environment, with restraint and measure, and avoid excessively damaging effects on social development and the rights of others. If there are serious obstacles to the functioning of society, it will in turn backlash against the various rights and interests of human beings, including women.

This is not to deny the necessity of feminist movements such as "me too" and related reforms, but to say that the objective effect is not necessarily good, and may lead to worse results in some countries with harsh environments. Excessive changes will almost certainly cause damage and backlash. Although "me too" is fundamentally different in nature and extent from some political movements that have occurred in China, it does have similarities in certain characteristics and consequences (such as "breaking The dregs of the "Four Olds" do exist, but more valuable things are destroyed. "Me too" is far from this level, but it has obviously caused damage to many valuable values, interpersonal relationships, and social structures. Both There is a tendency to "splash the child out for the sake of splashing water"). Any movement or rights protection must be in line with the level of economic and social development, as well as with culture, education, and values. It also needs to have various supporting systems, laws, media, and organizations. Otherwise, not only will it fail to achieve its goals, it may also create all kinds of tragedies.

When the quality and civilization of human beings have not reached a certain high level, the social system and values have not reached a particularly perfect level, and the various technical means of restoring the truth have not reached a particularly perfect level, the sexual assault problem has not been well resolved. In this way, being violated and unable to obtain justice and being framed for sexual assault will exist at the same time, and will still cause serious harm to the losing party. Even, the same person may have been sexually assaulted and failed to hold the perpetrators accountable, but also framed others; another person may have sexually assaulted others without punishment at the same time, and was wronged by others at the same time. Also, this situation is not uncommon, and I am not listing it to show off logic. A person’s life normally lasts for decades, and his situation and personal values will also change. Therefore, it is entirely possible for these two conditions to occur at the same time during this period, and even the occurrence of the two conditions in the same person has a causal relationship.

For example, being sexually assaulted did not dare to cite insidious and powerful assailants, or at that time, he was naive and simply did not know how to deal with it. Falsely accuse an innocent person, or actually get persecution delusional disorder due to sexual assault (rather than being slandered as delusional disorder), and then falsely accuse an innocent person (if you really have delusional disorder and are known by people around you, you are more likely to be sexually assaulted) Big, because no matter what the accusation is, just say "she has paranoia"). Or the order is reversed, first there is a false accusation, and then someone is really sexually assaulted, but because of the "wolf is coming" factor, they dare not report it again. Similarly, it is possible that someone has been falsely accused of sexual assault, resentful, and then actually sexually assaulted others. In the reverse order, there will also be cases of sexually assaulting others and getting a bad reputation, and then being falsely accused. In other cases involving sexual assault, both parties are at fault, the accuser and the accused are obviously lying, men are immoral but women also have conspiracies, the Bao Yuming case is a typical example.

According to common sense, similar situations exist in a large number of other non-sexual disputes and violations. Based on the prevalence of such situations in other disputes and violations, it can be inferred that sexual assault is also common. Again, this is not about fiddling with logic and solving the boring problem of "watering out", but emphasizing the general reality that one person in sexual assault has two opposite situations. If there is no such cognition, it is very likely to be confused by the liar and get the truth wrong. (Going further, a person can also be sexually assaulted twice or multiple times for real, or falsely accused twice or multiple times, both true and false each time. Anything can happen, and it's not uncommon (For example, it involves multiple people in a certain group/circle, because the victim did not resist for the first time, so other people heard about it and sexually assaulted it, or several people together framed one person and reported it separately.) Of course, this does not mean that Anyway, "everything is possible", so things can't be judged, there is no truth or falsehood, common sense and logic are still important and valid, just pay attention to the complexity of things to avoid being confused by some experience and mindset)

Perhaps all we can do now is to find ways to mitigate the problem and avoid zero-sum games. For example, when there is doubt as to whether the sexual assault is true, one should only deny the facts on a case-by-case basis, and should not damage the accuser's reputation by "slut humiliation" or questioning the accuser's "bad money" or "mentally ill" and other negative personalities. ,Life. For general harassment that is not serious, non-malicious, and merely impulsive, the degree of sexual assault should not be excessive, so that vicious sexual offenders can be punished more severely. In the same way, it is necessary to be tolerant of those who take the initiative to admit wrongdoing, so that rogue characters who refuse to admit their accounts, are insidious and cunning, and retaliate against their victims will be relatively more concerned and condemned. Moreover, there should be a way out for the perpetrators who can be identified as sexual assaults. Don't let people have no way out. It is not appropriate to force people to death or end their careers (in cases where the sexual assault is not so serious and the purpose is not to maliciously harm the victim) Down). In addition, anti-sexual assault should focus more on the presentation of the truth and the analysis of the reasons, so as to carry out corresponding education, prevention, and prevention, rather than focusing on punishment. Even for a more serious sexual assault, can it be forgiven at the same time as convicted and given a good way out after being released from prison? Can society de-stigmatize victims while de-stigmatizing those who sincerely repent, or at least partially de-stigmatize them? Honesty and repentance should be more important than sexual assault, so that sexual assault is forgivable, dishonest and unforgivable. Only in this way can more people confess their guilt and repent, otherwise they will definitely die hard and even fight back. Of course, the public is unlikely to do this, the reality is the opposite.

Just like the attempted rape case of Noor Battelle of Zhejiang University, I don’t think Zhejiang University’s school probation is unreasonable (or even quite reasonable and appropriate). Taking into account the circumstances of attempted and repentance, it also gave him a chance to rehabilitate. . And Noor Battelle has actually been punished to a certain extent (probation and school probation are also registered records, and he was also arrested and detained in the bureau for a period of time, and related experiences will also have a negative impact on him), and he did not dare to Repeat offenses (unless he has any disease that requires chemical castration). Later, the incident was reported on the Internet (and it was likely to have some purpose rather than simply fighting injustice to seek justice), and under the strong demands of netizens, Zhejiang University expelled him from his student status (this online crusade also completely ruined his reputation, not only in his life circle, but now all over the country). China all knows that he is a rapist), but it will lead to more rape cases in the future being suppressed and will not enter the judicial process in the first place, and the parties will not admit the crime (and will not write a letter of repentance to prove that the female accusation is true), and It is to bite back and slander girls everywhere, or use all resources to retaliate. Based on such possibilities and demonstrations, and unwilling to have one party ruined or even ruined, women are more inclined to choose to swallow it from the beginning. Therefore, after such a disposition occurs, the final victim is still a girl.

What's more, according to some information I have seen on the Internet, this person is not from a powerful family or a hooligan, but at most from a middle-class elite family in a minority area. It is said that he did not fit in at school, and he was beaten and threatened to hide. to someone else's bedroom. It is because of this background and personal situation that the public security law and the school dared to keep a record of punishment for him. If he had a real powerful background and formed gangs at the school, girls would not dare to report the crime, and they would be punished if they did. Under strong pressure and breaking through obstacles, the court will most likely find the suspect innocent due to insufficient evidence under various operations, and no one will testify for the victim. kind of revenge. However, the public has no way of knowing about such a situation, and bystanders who know the matter do not dare to expose the information. Even if the information is exposed, they will be hurried to drink tea and retaliate, and there will be no news if the post is deleted. Based on what I know, I dare to assert that rape cases in colleges and even middle schools across the country, including Zhejiang University, are very common (not to say that more than 50% is considered common, even 5% is a lot), and the circumstances are more serious than this. There are many and many who have succeeded, but the vast majority have not been punished. After the Zhejiang University incident, this situation will only increase rather than decrease.

What the public seems to have a sense of justice now is actually aggravating the law of the jungle, dishonesty and insidiousness, and blocking information to suppress public opinion. "The state officials can set fire, but the common people can't set fire." "If you hold your hand and admit it, you will set fire. If you can't catch it and don't admit it, it means you didn't set fire." Form factions, learn all kinds of skills to harm and threaten others, lie and do evil without changing your face, and change from an occasional evildoer to a professional evildoer. Society is more jungle. What is even more regrettable is that, in the face of such irrational public opinion and terrible consequences, no famous person, "big V", or public knowledge stand up to oppose or advise. Perhaps they are unwilling to go against the raging public opinion, perhaps because the public opinion environment is not as bold and easy to speak as before, or even they simply do not realize that this is a problem that needs to be corrected, and they do not know that it is a bad person including rapists. Speaking justice is also a necessity of a rational and civilized society. (If you think that anything involving rape is unforgivable and has no room for discussion, it is indeed justified to a certain extent, because this issue is special. But is this attitude good or bad for reality? It is in line with the development level of today's society, interpersonal Is it the level of the relationship? How much meaning is there to forcibly set the bottom line to a level far higher than reality? High standards for public sexual assault cases are strictly required, and sexual assaults that have not been exposed and finalized are ignored or even mocked at the victim. , is this kind of double standard appropriate? Is it what a civilized society should do to only care about the moral cleanliness of the face and the social order behind it, while ignoring the human rights of the victims themselves and even the parties themselves?)

From the general public to intellectuals, Chinese people generally do not have the awareness and ability to distinguish priorities, pay attention to overall planning, and do not know that the more adherence to justice, the more realistic, pragmatic, rational and objective things are required, including not imposing excessive condemnation and punishment on criminals and enemies. Even take the initiative to excuse it when necessary. As big Vs and public officials with significant influence and public opinion-oriented role, not only do they have to do this, but they also need to do so actively. Not only "don't let a bad guy go, don't wrong a good guy", but also don't let the "bad guy" bear more grievances than the facts, and don't let the "good guy" get more praise out of nothing (of course, it's hard to do it completely in reality). , but we can work in this direction). Only in this way will the accusation be more solid, the justice more pure, the ugliness of those insidious and cunning people will be more fully exposed, and the sins hidden behind the many disguises and veils will have nowhere to hide. Objectively, this can also effectively prevent opponents from using some of their own false accusations to backlash and thus damage their integrity, and even the true part is jointly denied or doubted. Although the objective and rationality of walking righteously will also be smeared, but at least not guilty, worthy of their conscience. In addition, this can also make most criminals and bad people who still have a conscience left to truly know that they are sincere and repentant, because they have not wronged them too much, and even admitted their good side and some good behaviors. Only in this way is it conducive to reconciliation and symbiosis and warning future generations.

It is a pity that the Chinese people always do the opposite, either adding icing on the cake or falling behind, but they are unwilling to send charcoal in the snow to make up for the rest. For Nur Bartel, who has been punished by criminal and school discipline, he has been pursued and beaten to death. For those who refuse to admit their accounts and bite women, they not only do not condemn, but also slander women together. What should really be done is to show mercy and even forgiveness to those who have conclusive evidence, admit the crime and have been punished (in fact, being confirmed to commit sexual assault is punishment itself, even if no substantive treatment is added), and specifically criticize, excavate, and attack those According to all kinds of signs that are difficult to forge, it is obviously very likely that the intruder will not admit to the account, leave no evidence (often cunningly avoid leaving evidence, destroy evidence), and bite the victim suspects (especially those who are powerful, well-connected, living in important positions within the system or outside the system, and who have always done evil things), support the victims and support their right to sue, find ways to confirm their crimes, dig their backgrounds, extinguish their arrogance, destroy their status, and attack the forces they represent ( If its power represents the exploitation and oppression of evildoers). That's what real citizens should do (in fact, not only sexual assault, it should be like this).

But I haven't seen anyone do both at the same time. As Mr. Lu Xun said, "China has always had few heroes who failed, few resilient resistance, few warriors who dared to fight alone, and few who dared to cry for traitors; They all fled." The reason why Chinese society has become as bad as it is now is due to the social ethos that people always bully the soft and fear the hard, despise and reject those who make mistakes and repent, but admire and even admire and admire those who use their power and cruelty to do evil. "Relationship. (Of course, have I done what I said above? I admit that I haven’t fully done it, and I have even done the opposite before (that is, similar to the public’s tendency to bully the soft and fear the hard), and may not be able to do it completely in the future. . This is not only related to the objective environment, but also related to my own human weakness, such as weakness and self-interest. But after I understand and recognize these principles, I have been working hard in this direction, and according to the comparison with other people, I believe that I am doing better than 99% of people now. Moreover, it is because I failed to meet the above attitudes and codes of conduct in many things before, so now I am especially regretful and emphasize to do these) (I cite This case and related analysis does not mean that people should not be kept silent after encountering such an incident, but that they should pay attention to the nature, extent, specific circumstances, the party’s subsequent performance, and the comparison with other offenders’ words and deeds, and then make appropriate judgments , make a suitable sound)

Moreover, although the extra punishment of the exposed offender can be used as an example, it also means to damage his rights and let him suffer the punishment he should have suffered on behalf of others, which does not meet the requirements of human rights to protect each individual . Although punishment itself contains the purpose of warning the society and others, modern society should emphasize equality, balance, and equal treatment, and avoid creating "scapegoats", "banners" and victims. Even from a practical point of view, only severely punishing those who are found may not be able to warn others. If the law does not blame the public and maintains stability first, it will make others feel more fearless after someone has suffered. They think that someone has been punished, so they are relatively less likely to be punished or even not punished. In contrast, it is a fairer and more reasonable way to reduce the intensity of punishment but expand the number of people involved, to achieve "the law can blame the public", and to assign punishment to each offender relatively uniformly (although this reality is not easy to achieve). For the public, they should also be more active in digging out the sexual harassers and sexual predators around them, actively stop related behaviors, and protect the safety of every woman, instead of just beating drums, pushing walls, and hunting to death.

When it comes to sexual assault, the public, especially famous people, should not make either extreme remarks. Instead, they should make more statements of neutrality, not intensify gender confrontation, and play a benign guiding role, enlightening the public to use A more rational and realistic view of sexual assault issues and the parties involved.

I wrote an article "Eclecticism: The Worst Choice for China's Reform in the Future", in which I specifically analyzed that complete justice is almost impossible to achieve, or requires a huge price to achieve, and the cost exceeds the original damage caused by resistance. loss. Compromise is not completely justice, but it may bring about improvement with relatively minimal cost and quickest.

More fundamentally, it is to "desensitize" the issue of sexuality and sexual assault in various ways, and deconstruct the huge sense of shame and oppression it has caused. Social conflicts. The harm of sexual assault and the stigma against the victim are inherently constructed by society, so deconstruction is to eliminate the non-physical harm of sexual assault from the root. Of course this is very difficult to achieve (perhaps in some regions, groups and environments, but most people and most environments should not) because it involves fundamental moral principles, human values and rights, social power structure and other fundamental human issues. Moreover, complete deconstruction is not necessarily a good thing. The side effects of deconstruction are huge, and it will even shake the foundation of human ethics and morality. But it is possible to work in this direction.

In sexual assault disputes, the attitudes of colleagues, classmates, friends and other acquaintances (or unacquainted but suspected witnesses) of both parties are very important. In general, these people should speak up and clarify the truth. But the reality is that it is almost impossible to state the facts objectively and neutrally, especially without testifying on the part of the victim. This has not only the overall attitude and related cultural reasons of the society facing the problem of sexual assault as mentioned above, but also the fetters of interests, safety, interpersonal relationships and personal emotions like other disputes. When they see or understand the truth, if they can say "don't know" instead of "no", they are already above the bottom line.

For sexual assault victims/suspected victims who resort to public opinion or justice, society should hold a relatively tolerant attitude. The truth is not necessarily clearer and clearer, but it is definitely better than not arguing. Although the possibility of false accusations and frame-ups exists, since the victims dare to go public and resort to the law, they are already paying the price, especially in China's current public opinion and judicial environment that is not conducive to women. Whether these people lose the public opinion battle or the judicial battle, their reputations will be seriously damaged, and even worse, their families should be broken up and their jobs lost. If you win the case, you will also be alienated by intentional or unintentional isolation discrimination (even if the starting point is not necessarily malicious, but just because you don’t know how to deal with it, the state of some victims will indeed make people unable to cope. There are problems with indifference and enthusiasm. Daily life does not necessarily involve people and things related to sexual assault, which stimulates the parties and embarrassing everyone. If it causes serious mental problems, it will be even more difficult to deal with. Relatives, friends, colleagues and classmates I am not a professional, and it is impossible to always be patient with the victim's problems), life has been seriously affected, and few men dare to contact with a normal attitude (of course, the above possibilities are not guaranteed to happen, but there is a high probability If you live in some very enlightened environment, this may not happen, especially the general mood and way of life of the accusers who are already very well-known will be much better, but there are not many such environments and individuals. The more public attention The less known, the more difficult it is for victims of sexual assault to reintegrate into society). She is willing to pay such a price, which means that the accusation is 80% true, and even if it is false, she has paid the price.

Moreover, public discussion of a dispute is generally beneficial to the public interest and can promote the improvement of the problem. If a chilling effect is created so that sexual assault incidents are not discussed and resolved, it will be even more difficult to find a solution. And resorting to public opinion will also have a deterrent effect on the public opinion of the attempted sexual assaulter, and it can also eliminate the sense of oppression, control, and conquest brought by the sexual assaulter, and relieve the sense of shame brought by the sexual assaulter. Truth and criticizing the ugliness are important ways to weaken the perpetrators and the harm of the evil they do (even in today's era of abandoning homomorphic revenge and using violence to suppress violence), and to a certain extent, they can heal the trauma of the victim (yes , although there are so many disadvantages to the public, but there are also advantages, and with the development of the times, the concept of change, the advantages are actually more and more).

It is important to consider the emotions of the vulnerable and likely victim, usually women who are suspected of being sexually assaulted. Even if its doubts are considered untrue, it should be acknowledged that it has the right to doubt. Just like in the "Tsinghua Tang Jing Incident", it turned out to be a misunderstanding, but she should not be denied her right to be suspected of being sexually harassed at that time, but only need to criticize her subsequent inappropriate response (although I think it is understandable). Moreover, if she is suspected of being sexually harassed again in the future, she still has the right to speak up, and it may also be true. Some people with sinister hearts will take advantage of the situation in the "Wolf Is Coming" story to harm people who have lost people's trust. Further, even if the law acquitted the suspected sexual offender, rape or sexual assault, it should not be said that the victim must have been intentionally framed or mentally ill (and mentally ill people are actually more likely to be abused and abused, because What she/he says is considered a psychotic fantasy and therefore cannot be trusted. This is not just a logical guess, according to the BBC article Debunking the Fallacy of the Relationship Between Psychosis and Violence, people with mental illness are victims of violence The probability is three times that of ordinary people. Of course, this is not the only statistic, such statistics can be found by searching for a few keywords on Google in Chinese and English.) In many cases, the evidence is insufficient and the plot is not serious. The lesser of two evils, we should not wrong the suspected sexual offender, but we should not wrong the suspected sexual offender, so as not to cause double harm. Of course, at the same time, don't make a final conclusion on the suspected sexual assaulter in the suspected sexual assault case, and impose verbal and even behavioral lynching, otherwise the situation in "Hunting" is likely to happen. Even those convicted of rape may be wronged, as the Hugjile pattern and the Nie Shubin case are examples. (Of course, doubts will also lead to relative benefits for the truly wrong party, and some people will use this principle of doubt to sexually assault or falsely accuse. But this is better than completely wronging the party)

However, such strict requirements will also make it seem that people can no longer comment on social affairs (and it is difficult to implement in reality, Europe and the United States emphasize political correctness, and there are still all kinds of racism, sexism and conspiracy in the unspoken rules of the Internet and real society. on speech). Moreover, this will prevent people from speaking for the victimized party and influence the positive effect of online public opinion. Therefore, citizens' right to freedom of speech should also be guaranteed, and the judgment and expression of emotions should not be too restrictive. In fact, these can only be determined by self-consciousness. It is impossible to improve by coercive means. It still requires joint improvement in many aspects such as culture, education, law, system, and personal quality. Obviously, the rights and interests of these parties are in conflict, and it is impossible for everyone to be equal in everything. Public opinion should give suspected victims (whether male or female) a relaxed environment for accusations and defenses, instead of creating a chilling effect, driving away the voices, and intimidating other victims who try to seek justice through public opinion.

Not only the media, netizens and other public opinions should be more neutral and "one-sided" to correct the voice, but the court should not use too absolute words in cases of sexual assault for which the authenticity cannot be completely determined, especially the suspected victim. When the accusation is very reasonable but there is no direct evidence, even if the suspect is acquitted, they should show sympathy to the suspected victim and not completely deny the possibility of the violation. In this way, the suspect will not be wronged, nor will the suspected victim be harmed a second time after possible harm, and will be stigmatized as "slut", "false accuser" and "mentally ill". This kind of humane judgment has precedents outside the mainland. For example, Hong Kong athlete Lu Liyao was suspected of being indecently assaulted. After Lu disclosed the incident on the Internet, the police took the initiative to investigate and prosecute the suspect. Following the principle of "suspected crime never exists" rather than meaning that sexual assault does not exist, and bluntly said that it does not want to affect the "me too" movement. Such a judgment is relatively reasonable.

Also, don't call a suspected victim's accusation or witness testimony "defamation" (unless it is proven to be maliciously framed and deliberately subverted), which will prevent accusations and testimonies. Although this has already happened in China, such as the case of sexual assault suspect Deng Fei v. Zou Sicong and the client He Qian who testified for suspected sexual assault, even if Zou Sicong and He Qian presented their own relevant evidence during the trial, some of Deng Fei's remarks are as follows: "I don't know Zou Sicong" was also proved to be a lie by the former's evidence, but the Hangzhou Internet Court in charge of the trial still held that "the evidence against Deng Fei provided by Zou Sicong and He Qian" was not enough to make people believe without hesitation that what was described was He and Zou were sentenced to lose the lawsuit, He Qian needs to apologize to Deng, Zou needs to delete the relevant articles, and the two also need to pay a fine. This sentence proves the inclination of China's judicial system and the purpose of maintaining stability. In India, which was derided by many Chinese netizens as the "country of rape", a court ruled against an Indian minister in a counterclaim against a sexual assault accuser for defamation. He suffered social stigma for losing the lawsuit. Although this cannot fully represent the judicial attitudes of China and India, there are very few related sentences in the two countries (at least I haven't found more similar cases on the Internet), and these two cases are sufficiently representative. The more China faces this unjust reality, the more it needs to change.

The human heart is unpredictable, the truth is not easy to find and there is never an absolutely correct answer, and there is no perfect way to deal with it. Just as human beings have to coexist with various diseases including the new crown, have to accept injustice and violence in this world, and cannot make the possibility of all disasters zero, it is impossible for every sexual assault suspicion to come to light. It is never perfect, and we have to accept that some things are "unsolvable" or that there is no optimal solution. Sometimes the law cannot restrain people who break through morality, and insisting on restraining may bring more evil consequences. We can only improve the system, law, public opinion, etc., so that the problem of sexual assault can be treated and solved in the worst way. As individuals, it is difficult for us to seek justice for whom, but at least we should not be the accomplices of those who sprinkle salt in wounds, and we should think more about things in doubt and be considerate of all parties.

These realities seem helpless and hopeless. But let's not forget that from ancient times to today, human beings have made progress that no one in the past could have imagined, and the situation of women has also made amazing improvements after ups and downs. History does not necessarily end in the current state. In the future, it may be possible to achieve a reality in which everyone is independent and dignified, and all kinds of things are the best of both worlds, and all parties can achieve a win-win situation. So, there is still some hope for the world.

(In order to emphasize the main content and the convenience of writing, this article only mentions various issues of women being sexually assaulted. In fact, there are many cases of men as victims of sexual assault, whether it is men who are sexually assaulted by women or men who are sexually assaulted by men. Assault. Some situations are similar to the sexual assault of women mentioned in this article, and there are also some differences. About these, I will not expand in this article)

(When I write about the issue of sexual assault and the dark side of relationships, I don’t mean to think that the whole issue is completely dark, or that most controversies end with the bad guy winning. It is the majority. There are still many cases where sexual abusers are punished and those who are framed are cleared of innocence. However, even if there are only a few people in the world who are relative victims, it is worthy of the attention of the mainstream society to change. The world is made up of hundreds of millions of people. It is composed of people, but each person has only one life and one world. Her/his suffering is the suffering of her/his entire world, and it should also be the suffering that everyone should empathize with. We must sympathize with the weak and victims, and create a A more tolerant, friendly, fair and just society, so that any person or even any animal can grow and live without unnecessary harm. Although this is difficult to achieve, we must strive to change the reality and strive for the goal instead of being filled with injustice The social conquest of injustice, harm and lies makes the suffering reincarnate in the world. Lu Xun said, "It has always been like this, right?" Improve, make progress, strengthen the righteous and eliminate evil, punish the evil and promote the good, stimulate the turbid and promote the clear, make everything a little better, not so bad)

(Many things described and analyzed in this article are not only in the aspect of sexual assault, but also in many issues, reflecting the cause and effect of various other issues. For example, China's social structure, values and unspoken rules, political The nature of the system and regime, the nature, characteristics and purpose of laws and laws, the situation of vulnerable groups and their interaction with mainstream society, the inequality of human-to-human relations, etc. In fact, the physical and mental harm Chinese women suffer when they are involved in sexual assault, the people around them The attitude of the society, the difficulty of defending rights through public opinion and the law, the involvement and spectatorship of all stakeholders, the honesty and lies of the parties, the strong and insidious but may also fall into crisis, the weak are helpless and desperate but sometimes cunning, strong and weak The relativity and identity conversion of other vulnerable groups, and the victimization of vulnerable groups, there are many similarities, not only the same, but some are almost the same)