"Schrödinger's Cat" is so pitiful, will it die or not?

father of quantum mechanics

"Erwin Schrodinger" He is one of the founders of "quantum mechanics". Even James D. Watson and Francis Crick, who wrote "What is Life?" in 1944 and discovered the double helix of DNA, also expressed their sympathy for Schröding. Grid has a profound impact.

In 1933, "Schrödinger" and the British physicist "Dirac" jointly won the Nobel Prize in Physics, known as the father of quantum physics.

Schrödinger (1887 – 1961) was born in Vienna, Austria, studied physics and mathematics at the University of Vienna and received his PhD in 1910. He was a "Professor of Theoretical Physics" at the "University of Zurich" and in the past "Einstein" and "Raun". During his time at the University of Zurich, he proposed the famous Schrödinger equation and created the theory of "wave mechanics" to describe quantum mechanics.

And everyone is most well-known for his imaginative experimental theory in "Schrödinger's Cat". "Schrödinger's Cat" has always been one of the topics of debate in quantum physics, and most especially, the philosophical meaning behind it is thought-provoking.

Schrödinger's cat

"Schrödinger" did an imaginary experiment, putting a cat in a box. Discuss that if a cat is locked in an opaque box and a gas bottle is prepared, the "quantum particle" is set to be in a certain state, and the gas bottle will burst; if the particle is in another state, the gas bottle will be intact.

Closing the box, the "quantum state" of this particle is currently a situation where two states coexist. That is, the superposition state, which refers to the state in which the poison gas has been released from the bottle and sealed in the bottle, which is mysterious and mysterious. Therefore, at this time, the cat in the box presents a "quantum superposition state", or "quantum entanglement state", which is both alive and dead at the same time in this superposition state. According to quantum mechanics, the "nuclei" when not observed are in a superposition of decayed and non-decayed, but if the box is opened after an hour, the experimenter will only see "decayed "nuclei" and "dead cats" "" or "Undecayed "nucleus" and "live cat""

If you don't understand "quantum mechanics", please take a look at Lao Gao's popular science "Quantum Mechanics and Parallel Universe and You"

That is to say, when the box is opened, this "quantum superposition" disintegrates; at that moment, do you see that the cat was poisoned? still alive? One is bound to happen. If you don't open it or look at it, it will still be in a "quantum entangled state" that is both alive and dead.

It's a lot to look at

Obviously, in terms of common sense, there is no reason at all, which is contrary to common sense. However, the special feature of this experiment is that "the uncertainty of the microscopic world of quantum mechanics becomes the uncertainty of the macroscopic world"; "the chaos of the microcosm becomes the absurdity of the macroscopic", which means that the common-sense visible to human beings The world, we call it the macroscopic world; and the world that is invisible to human beings, does not mean that it does not exist, and we cannot see only what needs to be seen with a microscope, which is called the microscopic world. Quantum mechanics belongs to the category of the microscopic world. When the uncertainty in the microscopic world occurs, it is absurd to the human beings in the macroscopic world.

We often say, it's okay to take a look! You won't die if you touch it! But maybe it will really cause trouble. In fact, it can be explained by the " butterfly effect", which is also one of the theories in chaos theory. It means that in a dynamic system, a small change in the initial conditions will drive a long-term and huge chain reaction of the entire system, which is a chaotic phenomenon. The most common formulation of this effect is: "A butterfly in the Amazon rainforest of South America, with the occasional flap of its wings, can cause a tornado in Texas two weeks later.", in other words. , take a look at this action, maybe the cat that breaks free from the "quantum superposition" in the next second will die, or two months later, you will be discovered for cat abuse and arrested by the police.

In the macro world, it's true that nothing will happen to your glance, but don't look at it casually on the street, you may be said to "watch the three little ones" and be beaten. However, in the observation of the microscopic world, it has an influence on the observed object and will cause changes. Taking the observation of electrons as an example, only light can be seen. The energy of the smallest unit photon of light is small but not zero. The photon shines on the observed electron, which has a great influence on the electron.

Is the cat alive or dead?

The experiment of "Schrödinger's Cat" is still based on imagination and guesswork, but do you think that's it? So mysterious? More mysterious than metaphysics?

In fact, physicists have been able to make a quantum-mechanical explanation for whether "Schrödinger's Cat" has a "superposition of "dead and alive". There are still similar real experiments.

In 2010, the experimental team of the "National Institute of Standards and Technology" began to experiment with the "Schrödinger's cat" state. Its application of superconducting quantum interferometer finally completed the experiment in 2000 and successfully demonstrated the largest "Schrödinger cat" superposition state at that time. Currents flowing in two possible directions in the superconducting loop of a superconducting quantum interferometer form this "Schrödinger cat" superposition. The current of the order of microampere involves hundreds of millions of electrons moving around a loop roughly as thick as a human hair. In terms of quantum size, it can be regarded as a macroscopic system, also known as the "Schrödinger cat" state.

In addition, in 2016, a research team led by biophysicist Alipasha Vaziri, then at the University of Vienna, reported that they used a single-photon light source to confirm that "the human eye can detect single-photon events with a high probability of detection, indirectly confirming that the A glance is likely to make a difference.

How much does "Schrödinger's Cat" have to do with us?

So is "Schrödinger's Cat" alive or dead? In fact, both live and die. In a nutshell, this involves "parallel cosmology". When the "quantum superposition" is broken, there are two worlds at the same moment, a dead cat and a living cat. Even more mysterious, there are many parallels. The universe has different states of "Schrödinger's Cat", dead, alive, half-dead, turned into a monster cat, turned into a super cat, and maybe the cat is gone.

Well, I recently read " The Multiverse of Mom " and I was looking for material for the novel "Schrödinger's Cat" I was going to write, so I just wrote this as a prelude.

Of course, I don't want to write "science fiction", but "love novels". Love is like "Schrödinger's Cat", it is a paradox and unpredictable; what happens in love, is it love? Still like it? Are you looking for solace? Or does low self-esteem create invisible pressure? She loves me, he doesn't love me? Before opening the box, you will never know whether the cat will live or die, or will it remain in a state of superposition and entanglement for a lifetime? But there may well be other opportunities as well.
Have you ever imagined "Schrödinger's Cat"? Welcome to leave a message below to discuss.

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