From Xiaohuan Ruan to "Thoughts on Programming": How did an ordinary citizen and "geek" become an "enemy of the state"?

Author Tong Xiang Editor Sharon

Ruan Xiaohuan, 45 years old, is an idealist in the eyes of his wife and a technical genius who loves reading. How can an ordinary person who cares about social justice become an "enemy of the country" step by step just because of posting on the Internet, and was recently sentenced to 7 years of severe punishment?

4497 days, 712 blog posts. From the creation of the blog on January 15, 2009 to the last post on May 9, 2021 - this is the legendary journey of the Chinese blog "Programming Caprice", and it is also the "evidence" of its operator Ruan Xiaohuan who recently suffered a seven-year heavy sentence .

The name "Thoughts on Programming" has been dead for nearly two years since the last post on the blog. Previously, this blog was well-known by many netizens for its perennial science popularization "over-the-wall technology" and commentary on current affairs. Now, what has brought it back to the public eye is a WeChat group chat record that has been circulated on the Internet recently. The record shows that Ruan Xiaohuan's wife, Ms. Bei, asked for help in the WeChat group of her neighbors, claiming that she had been forcibly lectured and pressured by the case handlers because her husband appealed to a lawyer, and she disclosed her husband's identity as a "programming random" blogger, Neighbors are asked to pay attention to her personal safety.

This is the first time "Thoughts on Programming" has been associated with the name Ruan Xiaohuan. Previously, although there were rumors that "Programming Random" was arrested, no one knew his real name, and no one knew who this "mysterious geek" who popularized basic political knowledge for Chinese people on the Internet was.

Ruan Xiaohuan, 45 years old this year, was taken away from her home in Shanghai by the police on May 10, 2021, and was criminally detained the next day, and was arrested on June 17 of the same year. In October, he was prosecuted to Shanghai No. 2 Intermediate People's Court, and the case was filed for trial on October 13.

On February 10, 2023, Ruan Xiaohuan was sentenced to 7 years in prison, deprived of political rights for 2 years, and fined 20,000 yuan for "inciting subversion of state power". With the announcement of the first-instance verdict, the case of the crime of speech really surfaced and attracted great attention. On the overseas Internet, many people joined the protest against Ruan Xiaohuan's heavy sentence and expressed their solidarity with him, praising him as a "hero who uses technology to fight against totalitarianism."

"I never thought his actions constituted inciting subversion of state power." Ruan Xiaohuan's wife, Ms. Bei, said in an interview with NGOCN recently. According to her introduction, after Ruan Xiaohuan was arrested, he admitted that he wrote the relevant blog post, and his purpose was to "make the country better." She had previously defended her husband in a WeChat group chat among neighbors: "He was the chief engineer of the information security system for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and he made contributions to the country." "He is patriotic," she said.

sudden arrest

At around 12 noon on May 10, 2021, the doorbell of Ms. Bei's home rang in Yangpu District, Shanghai.

She thought that the water delivery worker she had called in the morning had arrived, so she called her husband Ruan Xiaohuan, who was in the study at the time, to open the door without thinking too much. After a while, she heard "don't move" and a slight scuffling sound from the door. She ran to the door quickly, only to find that the door was open, and her husband was nowhere to be seen, and a thin man broke into the house.

"Are you going to rob a house?" Ms. Bei asked the unidentified uninvited guest in front of her.

The leading man took out his ID, indicating that he was a public security officer handling the case. Afterwards, nearly ten people came in one after another, some in police uniforms and some in plain clothes. After a group of people entered the house, they first searched the study room (that is, where Ruan Xiaohuan usually works), for a long time, and "almost turned the bottom up." Then search the rooms one by one.

"There were about ten of them, three or four stared at me and stopped me outside (the room being searched), two or three were in the living room, three or four were in the study, and they would change shifts," Ms. Bei said.

During the search, the investigators used routines to Ms. Bei from time to time, and said that Ruan Xiaohuan's articles published on overseas platforms "incite subversion of state power". The case is serious and Ruan Xiaohuan will be sentenced to more than five years in prison. The search continued until two or three in the morning of the next day. Ms. Bei was taken to Shanghai Yangpu District Public Security Bureau for interrogation, and was told that her husband was also being interrogated in the next interrogation room at this time. It was not until around 7 o'clock in the morning that the police sent a police car to take her back to her residence.

On the day her husband was arrested, Ms Bey described herself as having a "blank mind". The mobile phone was confiscated, she couldn't call for help, and couldn't check whether such a house search was legal, she felt powerless. She recalled that when she questioned whether the investigators had a search warrant, the other party told her, "There are so many of us in police uniforms and we are working on a case, so what do you have to worry about." The search warrant was presented to Ms. Bei only on the third day. It was not until two weeks after Ruan Xiaohuan was arrested that she received the relevant detention certificate.

Ms. Bei said that within a month after her husband was arrested, her physical condition was extremely poor, and she often had trouble sleeping due to anxiety and worry. At that time, she had no idea what her husband had specifically written to be charged with such a serious crime, and she did not understand why her husband, who had been engaged in technical work all year round and had made great contributions to the information security of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, was detained. "Inciting subversion of state power".

She recalled that a few months after her husband was arrested, a neighbor told her that the police had rented a room upstairs from her house to monitor them a few months before the arrest, and the building opposite was also under surveillance. personnel in their residence. Although these were just what the neighbors said, she began to slowly recall some details. During that time, there was often a sound of water leaking from the toilet upstairs. But when she and Ruan Xiaohuan went upstairs to knock on the door and asked the other party to cooperate with the property inspection, the other party insisted on refusing to open the door. She also recalled that one or two years before his arrest, her husband often complained to her that the Internet at home was always disconnected. Because he often found abnormalities in the network, he became more cautious. Sometimes when going out for a walk together, he often said "I have to kill the carbine", and went back to the residence to check for any abnormalities. These "clues" were all connected one by one by her after her husband was arrested.

secret trial

A pair of wire-rimmed glasses with shattered lenses quietly placed at home. These are the glasses that were damaged in a physical conflict with the police when Ruan Xiaohuan was arrested on May 10, 2021. "We will give him a new pair of glasses." On the day of the arrest, the police returned the broken glasses to her.

From that day to the public sentencing on February 10, 2023, for nearly two years, Ruan Xiaohuan's situation has been unknown to outsiders, and little is known to her family. Although Ruan Xiaohuan was suspected of "inciting subversion of state power" on the detention warrant and arrest warrant, for Ms. Bei, for a long time, she did not know that the rumored blogger "Programming Random Thoughts" on the Internet was her husband Ruan Xiaohuan. She had no idea what he had written or done in detail.

"We usually don't communicate much about current affairs. I only remember that he told me about June 4th when I was in college, but we rarely talked about it afterwards." She recalled.

In 1996, they went to the Department of Chemical Engineering of East China University of Science and Technology and became classmates. When they were in college, they often walked and chatted together at night. In Ms. Bei's eyes, Ruan Xiaohuan knows everything about astronomy, geography, science and technology, and philosophy and history. During chats, she is always amazed by how much he reads and the breadth of knowledge.

After graduation, Ruan Xiaohuan entered the network security industry, while Ms. Bei joined a foreign company. They got married in 2004. After marriage, the increasingly busy work gradually reduced the time for in-depth communication between the two. Ms. Bei remembered that although Ruan Xiaohuan would take the initiative to talk about some hot cases or criticize some social issues, she didn't talk much about current affairs, and she was used to the relaxed environment of foreign companies, so she had little experience of these. In addition, she is not sensitive to politics, and she seldom talks about politics with Ruan Xiaohuan. She only vaguely remembers him saying something like "If you don't care about politics, politics will care about you" when mentioning a current event.

According to his family's understanding of Ruan Xiaohuan, his usual remarks are not "extreme", and he has never mentioned the "Programming Random Thoughts" blog. "As soon as we heard the (arrest) news, we were all stunned," said his mother. The family thought that he just read the articles on the Internet and expressed some sensitive views, and 2021 coincided with the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, and the Internet police tightened control, so he was arrested. It is precisely because the family members did not realize that "it is so serious", at the beginning, they only hired a local lawyer in Shanghai to defend Ruan Xiaohuan.

But the lawyer's intervention didn't go well. According to Ms. Bei, the family hired three batches of lawyers, all of whom were local lawyers in Shanghai. However, the lawyers were required to sign a "non-disclosure agreement" and were not allowed to disclose the details of the case to the family members.

Ms. Bei said that during the investigation of the case, she asked the lawyer to meet with her, but the case-handling agency refused because the lawyer's meeting would hinder the investigation, so the lawyer was not allowed to meet during the entire investigation period. Although the family members questioned whether this violated the relevant laws and regulations, and complained to the Letters and Calls Bureau repeatedly, nothing came of it. It was not until mid-August 2021, after the case was transferred to the procuratorate, that the lawyer met Ruan Xiaohuan for the first time on September 29, after repeated urging and pleading by his family members. At this time, nearly four and a half months had passed since he was arrested. After meeting with Ruan Xiaohuan, the lawyer revealed to Ms. Bei that Ruan Xiaohuan had pleaded guilty. Ms. Bei asked whether she admitted to the facts or pleaded guilty and punished, but the lawyer was vague. On October 1, 2021, Ms. Bei wrote to the procuratorate, expressing doubts about the nature of the case.

On October 13, 2021, the Shanghai Second Intermediate People's Court filed the case for trial. In March 2022, due to the control of the epidemic in Shanghai, the trial of the case was "suspended". By June and July of 2022, the lockdown in Shanghai will be gradually lifted, but the family members were told that the trial is still suspended. Ruan Xiaohuan's elderly parents (86-year-old father and 76-year-old mother) once called the judge, pleading for the trial to resume as soon as possible, instead of being stuck in an endless suspension. The reply I received was: "The epidemic has not passed yet..." "And there are a lot of backlogged cases. It is not your case. You have to wait patiently."

"Could it be that the case will always be suspended if the epidemic doesn't pass?" Ms. Bei was puzzled and angry about this. Until December 2022, when the whole country is lifted, the trial of the case has not yet resumed.

Time progressed to February 7, 2023, and the case suddenly ushered in an unexpected turn. On the same day, the lawyer called Ms. Bei, informing her that her husband's case would be pronounced publicly in three days and that the family members were allowed to attend. But it is absurd that in the previous months, no one informed the family that the case had resumed. Ms. Bei vaguely knew that the trial of this case had already been held around December 2021, but she did not know how many times the trial had been held, nor did she know what procedure procrastinated the trial for a long time. up to four months a year.

Due to the sudden announcement of the public sentencing and her advanced age, Ruan Xiaohuan's parents in Fujian could not come. On the day of the sentencing, only Ms. Bei was present as a family member. In the auditorium, there were also five or six public security personnel.

"A technology fanatic who is obsessed with computers and loves reading", an "righteous child" in the eyes of parents

In the past two years since the incident, Ruan Xiaohuan's family has kept a low profile. Ms. Bei said that this was mainly because the family did not know his identity as a blogger at all, nor did they know what he wrote specifically, so it was difficult to judge the circumstances of the case. At the same time, I am also worried that publicity will offend the judiciary, which is not conducive to the judgment.

Today, the vagueness of the first-instance verdict has deepened Ms. Bei's doubts. In her view, the verdict concealed a lot of information. Among other things, the verdict did not specify which articles Ruan Xiaohuan wrote to incite subversion of the country, and even his personal blog account was not mentioned.

It made her realize that she "had to find out what they were trying to hide?" She hoped to understand the cause and effect of the case. But it was not easy for her. On the day her husband was arrested in 2021, her Huawei MateBook, Apple mobile phone, etc. were confiscated by the police, and the password was asked for "inspection". After a few days, the police returned her and warned her: There is no problem with watching videos with MateBook, but it cannot be used to access "sensitive" websites. This made her suspect that her MateBook, mobile phone and other communication devices were always under surveillance, and that there might even be wiretapping devices at home. In order to avoid surveillance, she had to go to an Internet cafe to surf the Internet.

Through the Internet, Ms. Bei finally confirmed that her husband was the "Programming Caprice" blogger who had been reported missing in May 2021 by the media. She remembered that the policeman who handled the case told her that Ruan Xiaohuan had written more than 700 blog posts, "more than 100 of which were suspected of inciting subversion of state power." She also remembered that her husband liked a movie called "V for Vendetta". In it, there is a freedom fighter who wears a mask against the totalitarian government, that is, the "V-shaped weirdo", who is also admired and admired by "Programming Caprice". The exact match of time, number of posts, tone of writing, values, etc. made her confirm her husband's blog status. The process of finding her husband's online identity also solved the mystery that has plagued Ms. Bei for nearly two years. Only then did she know that her husband has such a side outside of daily life.

"I don't know what words to use (to describe the treatment he suffered), but I finally understand why he was sentenced so severely." Ms. Bei said that when she was finally convinced that her husband was "programming caprice", she once Couldn't help crying bitterly in the Internet cafe.

In his wife's impression, Ruan Xiaohuan has always been a technology fanatic who is obsessed with computers and loves reading, and "has nothing to do with politics."

Ms. Bei recalled that although her undergraduate major was chemical engineering, Ruan Xiaohuan was keen on studying computer technology and software development. When he was in college, he and his roommate raised funds to buy a computer and took turns to use it to practice. In order to have more time to study computer, he did not hesitate to put down his professional courses and use the computer in the dormitory when his roommates went to class during the day. Because of his diligence and studious, as early as his freshman year, he became a legend in his grade because of his excellent computer skills. Whenever students have any computer problems that they can't figure out, they will come to him. And he not only answered one by one, but also specially organized to answer questions for students every Tuesday night to help them prepare for the computer ability test.

In the eyes of Ruan Xiaohuan's parents, his son has been upright and helpful since he was a child. "In the second and third grades of primary school, he even picked up money on the way to school and had to stand there waiting for the owner. He was afraid that it would be too late for school, so he went to school and handed the money to the teacher." This is the parents' memory of their son. Today, the father, who is a retired university professor, is 85 years old, and the mother is 76 years old. The old couple are worried about the safety of their son, and they can't sleep day and night.

In the eyes of his wife, it is precisely because of Ruan Xiaohuan's honesty, honesty, helpfulness, erudite and in-depth qualities that he showed during college that attracted her, and finally made the two of them a partner.

Once dropped out of school to devote himself to software development and resigned and decided that "free and open source is the greater contribution"

According to Ms. Bei, although Ruan Xiaohuan was a self-taught computer student during college, his extraordinary skills made him favored by the school's computer department professors. In his junior year, he started to develop programs for the school-owned software company, and joined the research and development team of the computer department professor as a cross-professional "specially hired". The professor even called Ruan Xiaohuan's parents to ask them how to cultivate such an excellent "Miao Miao". In his senior year, he was unable to graduate because he devoted himself to software projects and failed to complete the graduation link of the Department of Chemical Engineering. Although the professor advised him to transfer to the computer department and promised to give him a graduation diploma from the computer department with only one more year of study, he still chose to drop out and devote himself to software development. He believes that time is far more important than diplomas when it comes to mastering ever-changing technologies.

After dropping out of school, Ruan Xiaohuan made her mark in major network security companies with her excellent technology, and was soon promoted from programmer to project manager, technical director, and CTO. In 2008, Beijing Venustech Company undertook the project of the Olympic information security system. Ruan Xiaohuan was the R&D director of the company at that time, and he became the chief engineer and project leader of the Olympic information security system because he "led the R&D team to complete the high-quality "Olympic Information Security Mission" was also commended by the company.

Around 2012, Ruan Xiaohuan chose to resign in order to have more time to study the cutting-edge technologies she was interested in. After resigning, he moved his "work" from the company back to his study, and began to study alone and develop open source software for free. In his view, free and open source is the way to make a greater contribution to society. Programming, reading, and watching the news, except for eating and cycling regularly every week, he can hardly bear to leave his study room. In Ms. Bei's opinion, he is even busier after resignation than at work. "Even when I usually ask him to go out of the study for dinner, he will lose his temper." She said.

This "workaholic" trait is also confirmed in the "Programming Caprice" blog. In the autumn of November 2017, Ruan Xiaohuan suffered from allergic asthma attacks. Because of the systemic erythroderma caused by hormone drug injection, the doctor advised him to be hospitalized directly, but he insisted on going home and resting in bed. Ms. Bei didn't think much about it at the time, thinking that he just didn't like the hospital environment, so she agreed. After less than ten days in bed, he asked his mother who took care of him to move the computer to the bed in the bedroom. Now Ms. Bei knows that even during the period of illness, he did not forget to update his blog.

"I feel very sad when I think about it. He was really in a very bad physical condition during that time, and I was even afraid that he would have an accident." At the same time, in the blog post of Programming Thoughts, he apologized every time, "I have been too busy recently. "The posting was slow. Recalling her husband's persistence, she couldn't help sobbing a little.

In Ms. Bei's heart, Ruan Xiaohuan is very idealistic. According to her, he was very persistent in what he was looking for. Engaging in network security work for a long time has cultivated his rigorous character of caring about details and pursuing perfection. In addition, he is knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and he usually likes to read. He can finish a book in two or three days, and he reads a lot. Sometimes he even becomes a little "crazy" because he knows a lot, and he will give people a list of books, and sometimes he will blame Ms. Bei for not reading the books he recommended. "When he meets someone he can chat with, he will talk endlessly and pursue things to the end. But if he finds that the other party is not at the same level, he will stop talking slowly."

Why does a "technical madman" care about politics? When her husband's accident happened and she looked back, Ms. Bei realized that it was not surprising based on Ruan Xiaohuan's values and character.

She said that in her many years of living together, she has always felt that he has a kind of family and country feeling that "worry about the world first", and eagerly hopes that the unfair social status quo will be changed. "As a person with knowledge, compassion and patriotism, it is not difficult for him to do this," she said.

According to her introduction, Ruan Xiaohuan has been keeping an eye on current social events. She remembered that he once criticized the high cost of cancer treatment in China, and that many medical treatment plans only considered economic benefits and were not humane. His mother recalled that when he was in elementary school, he once said that he was worried about the impact of environmental pollution on human beings.

In fact, Ruan Xiaohuan's growth experience can also be glimpsed from his blog. According to the blog introduction of "Programming Random Thoughts" , he just wanted to share some programming and technology research and development experience at the beginning of the blog on January 15, 2009. But his mindset shifted after a few months. On June 11, 2009, Ruan Xiaohuan published a blog post titled "It's time to write something other than technology" . In this article, he wrote that in May and June of that year (that is, the 20th anniversary of the "June 4th Movement"), the authorities successively blocked several external websites, such as BlogSport in May, Twitter, Bing, etc. . Although the authorities began to use the Great Firewall as early as 1998, the successive blockades in a short period of time still made him feel that the free space that technology can reach is being compressed extremely rapidly.

He wrote: "Judging from this (blocking) news, it seems that 'Wei Guangzheng' (referring to the authorities) feels that the GFW (abbreviation of Great Fire Wall) set up at the international exit of the Internet is not cool enough, and wants to go further : A GFW is also set up on every computer of everyone, so that all information is firmly in the hands of the party. If this day really comes, what freedom do you have? What human rights do you have? at all?"

Perhaps because he cannot tolerate technology being used to further suppress freedom and human rights, coupled with his integrity and sincerity, he "does not want to remain silent anymore" and is determined to do the opposite and "write something other than technology." Since then, he began to use his professional knowledge to teach netizens on the blog to circumvent the Internet, hide their identities, expose blocked news and data, share various books, and write a large number of political comments. From "Liu Xiaobo won the Nobel Prize" to "June 4th" commemoration, from the "Jasmine Revolution", "709 Crackdown" to the "Anti-extradition" movement in Hong Kong, to Xinjiang cotton and the Wuhan epidemic, major social events in the past ten years Events and movements almost all left the imprint of his commentary. Until May 9, 2021, the day before his arrest, he was still sharing political books such as "On Democracy" .

"When I saw this, I regretted it very much. I felt that I should learn to climb over the wall earlier, so that I could know his identity earlier, and I would have more direction when I hired a lawyer in the first instance, so I wouldn't let him suffer for so long. I can't see Seeing something is completely different from being able to see it. I can understand the meaning of what my husband does..." Ms. Bei said.

His wife saw his eyes begging for help in court, and his parents worried that they "can't wait for him to come back"

After a lapse of one year and nine months, on the day of the sentencing on February 10, 2023, Ms. Bei saw her husband Ruan Xiaohuan again.

She could only see him above the bridge of his nose because of a court-mandated mask. Compared with the last time I saw him, the man in front of me had become gray-haired and surprisingly thin. "Although he had gray hair before he was arrested, but (at that time) it was white hair mixed with black hair, but now it is black hair mixed with white hair." She described it this way, "I have been with him for so long , I have never seen him in such a thin state, never. No matter how hard it is, it has never been." This is the complete opposite of what the first-instance lawyer described to her earlier as "he is in good condition". Her heart ached for it.

After the trial, Ruan Xiaohuan was taken away by two bailiffs. During this period, he kept turning his head and asking Ms. Bei for help with his eyes, which showed the pain of suffering from injustice. Seeing this scene, Ms. Bei couldn't help saying softly through the mask: "Appeal".

"I thought I was the only one who could save him," she said.

Ms. Bei couldn't let go of her husband's eyes asking for help in court. In addition, the first-instance verdict's determination of her husband's behavior and some obvious mistakes made her feel strongly that the first-instance justice was unfair. In the verdict, Ruan Xiaohuan's remarks were not even listed as "inciting subversion". She told NGOCN that the iPhone mentioned in the judgment evidence was not Ruan Xiaohuan's, but hers; They were all returned a few days after being searched, and there is no such thing as seizure. In addition, Ruan Xiaohuan does not have a Huawei laptop, only a Huawei mobile phone. The two Dell laptops seized were not listed in the seized evidence.

She said, "(The proof) is so sloppy, the family members have to question the seriousness, authenticity and credibility of the evidence?"

In addition, the sentence written in the verdict that "the defender has no objection to the facts and charges of the prosecution's charges" also made her question whether the first-instance attorney was responsible. After her husband was arrested, she spent a lot of time studying criminal law and other legal knowledge by herself. She understood that the client's plea would help reduce the sentence, but she couldn't understand why the lawyer "did not object." "A lawyer should make an independent defense based on legal facts and evidence. If there is no objection to the charges and facts of the prosecution, where is the defense?" Before that, she suspected that the Shanghai judiciary was putting pressure on local lawyers. He was determined to replace the second-instance lawyer with a more experienced foreign human rights lawyer to fight for a fair judicial decision for her husband.

On February 20, Ms. Bei signed a defense entrustment agreement with two Beijing human rights lawyers Shang Baojun and Mo Shaoping. However, her commission did not go well. Just the day before she went to Beijing to sign a lawyer's power of attorney, she was surrounded and interviewed by public security officers, who warned her not to sign a defense power of attorney with Mo Shaoping Law Firm. It turned out afterwards that even after successfully signing the agreement, his defense work encountered many obstacles.

On March 9, lawyer Shang Baojun went to the Yangpu Detention Center in Shanghai to apply for an interview with Ruan Xiaohuan when he was unable to contact the judge in charge to arrange to review the files. The meeting was rejected. Lawyer Shang was informed that the Shanghai Higher Court had appointed two legal aid lawyers, including Lawyer Lu who defended in the first trial and another lawyer from the same law firm. Lawyer Shang once told the media that this is a common "occupancy" move by the authorities: Since each client can have at most two lawyers, appointing two legal aid lawyers can prevent the lawyer hired by the family from intervening.

For this reason, Ms. Bei called Judge Xu Meihua of the Shanghai Higher People's Court who was handling the case several times, asking him to withdraw legal aid, or to offer Ruan Xiaohuan to choose legal aid even though she knew that her family had entrusted two other lawyers, Shang and Mo. Documentary evidence from attorney. In addition, she continued to communicate with legal aid through 12368 to ask for corrections, and also complained to 12309 China Procuratorate Network and the Supervision Office of Shanghai High Court. However, these appeals were either shirked, referred to relevant agencies, or told that they were not within the scope of acceptance, and have not received any positive answer so far. On the afternoon of March 23, she went to the Petition Reception Office of the Shanghai Higher People's Court to complain that Judge Xu Meihua violated the legal defense rights of the client and demanded that the legal aid be revoked. At her insistence, the judge who received her made a record and complained to the Director of the Criminal Department. . On the morning of March 28, Ms. Bei called Judge Xu Meihua again, but she was not connected.

"As family members, we have been very cooperative with the judiciary, but now we have this result. Our family members cannot accept such a verdict. Is this verdict legal and reasonable?" Ms. Bei questioned. At present, her most important direction of efforts is to allow the court to remove the "government-appointed" legal aid lawyers and allow lawyers appointed by family members to defend in the second instance. She appealed and hoped that more people would pay attention to this case. She said that there were obvious problems in the first-instance judgment, and the family members strongly questioned it. Now it is the stage of the second trial of the appeal. She will do her best to ensure the justice of the second trial and let her husband recover his freedom as soon as possible.

Ruan Xiaohuan's elderly parents also appealed for their son: "We don't understand that a young man who has made so many contributions to the country just expresses some opinions dissatisfied with corruption and reality, and he is treated like this. He just wants the country to be better, and the people Happier. We can’t accept such a sentence!” They were old and worried that their only son, who had been severely sentenced, would not be able to return home.

Now, nearly two years have passed since Ruan Xiaohuan was arrested. After the news that he was sentenced to seven years in prison for "inciting subversion of state power", many netizens poured into his "programming thoughts" blog. They thanked him for everything he had done and prayed for him : "I don't ask you to post again, I just wish you are safe." "I hope to usher in the final dawn."

Her wife is concerned about his health. His thin figure in court and his eyes asking for help haunted her all the time. "I hope he can come home one day sooner and let his body recover slowly," she said.

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